laparoscopy

 Total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH) is a surgical procedure to remove  the uterus using small incisions in the abdomen and a laparoscope, a  camera-equipped instrument. The operation typically involves these  steps: after general anesthesia, small incisions are made to insert  trocars, and CO2 gas is introduced to inflate the abdomen for better  visualization. The round ligaments, uterine arteries, and other  supporting tissues are carefully cauterized and cut. The bladder is  mobilized away from the uterus. The uterus is detached and removed,  often through the vagina. The vaginal cuff is sutured laparoscopically.  This minimally invasive method results in less pain, quicker recovery,  and shorter hospital stay compared to open surgery. 

 Laparoscopic myomectomy is a minimally invasive surgery to remove  uterine fibroids while preserving the uterus. It involves small  incisions in the abdomen through which a laparoscope and surgical tools  are inserted. The fibroids are carefully dissected and enucleated from  the uterine muscle. The uterine wall is then sutured laparoscopically to  restore its shape and strength. This procedure offers advantages like  less pain, minimal scarring, faster recovery, and preservation of  fertility compared to open surgery. It is suitable for women who want to  keep their uterus and potentially conceive in the future. 

 Diagnostic hystero-laparoscopy is a minimally invasive procedure  combining hysteroscopy and laparoscopy to evaluate female reproductive  organs. Hysteroscopy involves inserting a thin, lighted telescope  through the cervix to view the inside of the uterus, identifying  abnormalities such as fibroids, polyps, or scarring. Laparoscopy  involves making small incisions in the abdomen to insert a laparoscope  to look at the outside of the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries,  detecting conditions like endometriosis, cysts, or pelvic adhesions.  This procedure helps diagnose causes of infertility, pelvic pain, or  abnormal bleeding and can also allow treatment of some conditions during  the same surgery.